{"id":8169,"date":"2014-06-10T09:26:40","date_gmt":"2014-06-10T01:26:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xvm.garphy.com\/?p=8169"},"modified":"2014-06-10T09:26:40","modified_gmt":"2014-06-10T01:26:40","slug":"%e6%a9%a1%e8%83%b6%e5%86%9b%e9%98%9f%e5%a4%a7%e6%b8%b8%e8%a1%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xvm.garphy.com\/?p=8169","title":{"rendered":"\u6a61\u80f6\u519b\u961f\u5927\u6e38\u884c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8bf7\u5c0a\u91cd\u52b3\u52a8\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\u51fa\u5904\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\u3002<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Source:http:\/\/ftr.wot-news.com\/2014\/05\/29\/parade-of-the-rubber-army\/<\/strong>
\n \u6765\u6e90\u2197<\/strong><\/p>\n

Source:<\/strong>\u00a0Der Spiegel Online<\/a>, article \u201cAufmarsch der Gummiarmee\u201d by Christoph Gunkel (20.4.2010)
\n\u771f\u00b7\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u2197<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6807\u9898\uff1aParade of the rubber army\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Originally sent to me and translated by\u00a0Muff99<\/strong>\u00a0(EU server), thank you
\n\u7531\u6b27\u670d\u7684Muff99<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\u4f60\u3002\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Video:<\/strong>\u00a0(English)\u00a0http:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/video\/video-1061212.html
\n<\/a>\u89c6\u9891\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09\u2197\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

After D-Day, a top-secret U.S. special unit went to war without any protection but inflatable tanks and trucks to lay traps for the Wehrmacht.
\n\u5728\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u673a\u5bc6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7279\u79cd\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9632\u62a4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u6218\u573a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u5145\u6c14\u5766\u514b\u548c\u5145\u6c14\u5361\u8f66\uff0c\u53bb\u7ed9\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u4e0b\u5957\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Even today this \u201cghost army\u201d is still a mystery: Did they rescue tens of thousands of lives \u2013 or did they fool their own troops?
\n\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u4e4b\u519b\u201d\u4f9d\u7136\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u8c1c\u56e2\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u62ef\u6551\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e07\u6761\u751f\u547d\u2014\u8fd8\u662f\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u90fd\u800d\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\uff1f\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The two French civilians could not believe their eyes. In September 1944, they were stopped by U.S. soldiers at the border to Luxembourg. The GIs asked suspiciously what they wanted here, but the French hardly listened. For what they saw behind the patrol, left them speechless:
\n\u4e24\u540d\u6cd5\u56fd\u7fa4\u4f17\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u773c\u775b\u3002\u57281944\u5e74\u7684\u2468\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u53bb\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u7684\u8fb9\u5883\u4e0a\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u4eba\u62e6\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002 \u8fd9\u7fa4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5175\u7528\u6000\u7591\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u8be2\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5f80\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u542c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5de1\u903b\u961f\u540e\u65b9\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e0b\u5df4\u90fd\u6389\u5230\u4e86\u5730\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Four U.S. soldiers walked towards a Sherman tank, bent down, lifted the tank effortless, turned it around and put it down again.
\n\u56db\u540d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5175\u8d70\u5411\u4e00\u8f86\u8c22\u5c14\u66fc\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u5f2f\u8170\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u8d39\u529b\u7684\u628a\u5766\u514b\u625b\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e86\u4e2a\u5708\uff0c\u653e\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Those Americans had neither used magic portions nor superhuman powers \u2013 the tank did not weigh more than 40 kilograms, since the \u201ciron beast\u201d was entirely made of rubber. The french civilians had accidently caught a top secret U.S. unit at work \u2013 the \u201c23 Headquarters Special Troops.\u201d This unusual unit was internally called \u201cThe Ghost Army\u201d or \u201cThe Rubber Army\u201d, since almost everything was inflatable: Artillery, planes, tanks, jeeps, trucks. The \u201cghost army\u201d was meant to fool the Germans in believing that their 1100 soldiers looked more 30,000. This was one of the almost completely hidden attempts to win battles without firing a single shot.
\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5175\u65e2\u6ca1\u5403\u5927\u529b\u4e38\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8d85\u4eba\u2014\u8fd9\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc740\u516c\u65a4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u94a2\u94c1\u5de8\u517d\u201d\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u7528\u6a61\u80f6\u5236\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u7fa4\u4f17\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5bc6\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u65b9\u5355\u4f4d\u5728\u5e72\u6d3b\u2014\u201c\u7b2c23\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u7279\u79cd\u90e8\u961f\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u6a61\u80f6\u519b\u961f\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u5145\u6c14\u7684\uff1a\u706b\u70ae\uff0c\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u5409\u666e\u8f66\uff0c\u5361\u8f66\u3002\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u7ed9\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0b\u5957\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ea\u67091100\u4eba\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5176\u5b9e\u670930000\u4eba\u8fd8\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u60f3\u8981\u4e0d\u6218\u800c\u5c48\u4eba\u4e4b\u5175\u7684\u6700\u9690\u853d\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hours of tank inflating
\n\u5728\u5766\u514b\u5145\u6c14\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cNever, under any circumstances, should we lift a tank and carry it over the street\u201d, says Jack Masey under a laughter. \u201cThat could have given us away.\u201d The now 85-year veteran from New York was responsible for the maintenance of the rubber arsenal \u2013 knowing that this rule was ignored quite often. \u201cFor every maneuvers we had to let out the air, to pack everything into backpacks and inflate them again elsewhere.\u201d Too laborious, too time-consuming \u2013 especially when there was no compressor available. Sometimes, as reported by Masey, the soldiers had to use bike pumps or use their lungs for hours to re-inflate the tanks.
\n\u201c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u625b\u7740\u5766\u514b\u62db\u6447\u8fc7\u5e02\u201d\uff0cJack Masey\u4e00\u8fb9\u7b11\u4e00\u8fb9\u8bf4\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u540d\u4ece\u7ebd\u7ea6\u6765\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf85\u5c81\u7684\u8001\u5175\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a61\u80f6\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u2014\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\u5176\u5b9e\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u8fdd\u53cd\u3002\u201c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8f6c\u79fb\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u8981\u653e\u6c14\uff0c\u628a\u4e1c\u897f\u88c5\u8fdb\u80cc\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u5145\u6c14\u3002\u201d\u592a\u8d39\u4e8b\u8d39\u529b\u4e86\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u6c14\u538b\u7f29\u673a\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6b63\u5982Masey\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7528\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u6253\u6c14\u7b52\u6216\u8005\u7528\u5634\uff0c\u753b\u4e0a\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u6765\u7ed9\u5766\u514b\u5145\u6c14\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

What sounds like Hollywood was the way of World War II, which was also a battle of the intelligence services. Misleading messages, false trails and manipulated documents were used by all sides alike. In May 1940 the Germans successfully hid the fact that their focus of attack was on France \u2013 this way winning the campaign against France, breaking through the front near Sedan.
\n\u4e8c\u6218\u542c\u4e0a\u53bb\u5f88\u50cf\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u5927\u7247\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u667a\u6167\u7684\u8f83\u91cf\u3002\u76df\u519b\u548c\u8f74\u5fc3\u56fd\u90fd\u5728\u5229\u7528\u8bef\u5bfc\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6307\u793a\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8ff7\u60d1\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002\u57281940\u5e74\u4e94\u6708\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u6210\u529f\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u5bf9\u6cd5\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u653b\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u6765\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u5bf9\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u5728\u8d5b\u4e39\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u524d\u7ebf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u3002
\n\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u8d5b\u4e39\uff0c\u6216\u79f0\u8272\u5f53\uff0c\u8272\u5f53\u4e4b\u6218\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cd5\u56fd\u6ca6\u9677\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u5728\u653b\u5360\u8272\u5f53\u4e4b\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u5317\u4e0a\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u82f1\u5409\u5229\u6d77\u5ce1\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

The British in turn duped General Erwin Rommel in North Africa, being a master of feints himself. They disguised tanks as trucks and trucks as tanks or deceived the german aerial reconnaissance with decoys of airfields. Before the D-Day 1944 the British emulated whole nion-existing divisions by using extensive radio communications. This legendary \u201cOperation Fortitude\u201d was one of the reasons rwhy the Wehrmacht believed that the invasion would take place at Pas-de-Calais \u2013 and not in the Normandy. In war, truth need a \u201ca bodyguard of lies\u201d as Winston Churchill remarked proudly after this coup.
\n\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u968f\u540e\u5728\u5317\u975e\u7ed9\u201c\u6c99\u6f20\u4e4b\u72d0\u201d\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u6446\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\uff0c\u9686\u7f8e\u5c14\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u4f6f\u653b\u7684\u5927\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u5766\u514b\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u5361\u8f66\uff0c\u628a\u5361\u8f66\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u4e86\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u673a\u573a\u4e3a\u8bf1\u9975\u4f7f\u5f97\u5fb7\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u4fa6\u5bdf\u673a\u4e0a\u5f53\u3002\u5728\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u4ea4\u6d41\u6765\u6a21\u4eff\u4e00\u6574\u4e2a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5e08\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u5947\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u201c\u575a\u5fcd\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u4f7f\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u76f8\u4fe1\u76df\u519b\u4f1a\u5728\u52a0\u83b1\u6d77\u5ce1\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u771f\u76f8\u603b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u4ee5\u8c0e\u8a00\u4e3a\u63a9\u62a4\u201d\u2014 \u6e29\u65af\u987f\u00b7\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u5c06\u519b\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u540e\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u3002
\n\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u6b64\u5904\u6240\u8bf4\u7684”A bodyguard of lies”\u6709\u4e24\u5c42\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u4e3a\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6307\u4ee5\u8c0e\u8a00\u6765\u63a9\u76d6\u771f\u76f8\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u5219\u662f\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201cOperation Bodyguard\u201d\uff0c\u65e2\u201c\u4fdd\u9556\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u201c\u575a\u5fcd\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u201c\u4fdd\u9556\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u201c\u4fdd\u9556\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\u4f7f\u5fb7\u56fd\u519b\u65b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76df\u519b\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ece\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u9646\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u53d9\u8ff0\u4ebaJack Maesy\u5e94\u8be5\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u4fdd\u9556\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u5357\u90e8\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

To date, however, its almost unknown to the public that the U.S. Army operated by such methods even months after D-Day. The \u201cghost army\u201d was so secret that many veterans didnt want to talk about it for decades. Official U.S. documents were not released until the mid-nineties, and literature on the subject is rare.
\n\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7f8e\u519b\u5f53\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9690\u79d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u8001\u5175\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u90fd\u4e0d\u613f\u63d0\u8d77\u5b83\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u6587\u732e\u76f4\u523090\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e5f\u662f\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Army of artists
\n\u827a\u672f\u4e4b\u519b\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fascinated by the incredible history of this forgotten tale, the Americans Rick Beyer is researching witnesses and documents for over two years now. He wants to make a documentary about this army, that fought by peaceful methods \u2013 and possibly saved the lives of 40,000 soldiers by deceiving the Wehrmacht and prevented them from attacking \u2026. according to U.S. journalist Jack Kneecem, who published this estimates in his book \u201cGhost Army of World War II\u201d.
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ebaRick Beyer\u7531\u4e8e\u88ab\u8fd9\u6bb5\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6240\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8bc1\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u732e\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u8d70\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u519b\u961f\u505a\u4e00\u90e8\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u548c\u5e73\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u519b\u961f\u2014\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u6b3a\u9a97\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u4ee5\u53ca\u963b\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u62ef\u6551\u4e86\u56db\u4e07\u540d\u58eb\u5175\u7684\u751f\u547d\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bb0\u8005Jack Kneecem\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u4e2d\u201cGhost Army of World War II\u201d\u4f30\u6d4b\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Historian John Zimmermann of the Military History Research Institute in Potsdam has serious doubts with those: \u201cThe German war reports did not contain any indications that the Wehrmacht knew something of such an army or the ghost army had an impact on German war effort.\u201d Was the camouflage a little too perfect? Were the maneuvers ultimately ineffective? This remains unknown: By the end of 1944, the germans were almost unable to fly aerial reconnaissance, argues Zimmermann. The use of dummies therefore really does not make much sense.
\n\u6ce2\u8328\u5766\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6John Zimmermann\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u7740\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6000\u7591\uff1a\u201c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u62a5\u544a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u6216\u6307\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u5173\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u519b\u961f\u8868\u793a\u77e5\u60c5\u6216\u8005\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u6218\u4e89\u6709\u7740\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u201d\u96be\u9053\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u8fc7\u5934\u4e86\u5417\uff1f \u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u96be\u9053\u4e00\u70b9\u7528\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u6570\uff1aZimmermann\u8868\u793a\u57281944\u5e74\u5e74\u672b\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5f88\u5c11\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u6d3e\u51fa\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4fa6\u5bdf\u673a\u4e86\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5145\u6c14\u73a9\u5177\u771f\u7684\u5c31\u8bf4\u4e0d\u901a\u4e86\u3002
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

For Jack Masey this surreal army became reality quite quickly when the army called him in in 1943 shortly after the 18-year-old was admitted to the prestigious High School for Music and Art in New York. Now the military wanted to benefit from his creativity.
\n\u5bf9\u4e8eJack Masey\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5728\u519b\u65b9\u628a\u8fd9\u540d18\u5c81\u7684\u7ebd\u7ea6\u827a\u672f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u627e\u53bb\u8c08\u8bdd\u540e\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u519b\u65b9\u60f3\u8981\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u521b\u9020\u529b\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

The \u201cghost army\u201d recruited sound engineers, illustrators, photographers, actors and other creative people. Some became famous later on, like the painter Ellsworth Kelly or fashion designer Bill Blass, who bcame friends with Masey in his unit, the \u201c603D Engineer Camouflage Battalion\u201d. Masey made good careeer after the war, too: He designed museums and coordinated the building of pavilions at the World Expo for the U.S. government.
\n\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u62db\u52df\u4e86\u58f0\u6548\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u753b\u5bb6\uff0c\u6444\u5f71\u5e08\uff0c\u6f14\u5458\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u65e5\u540e\u51fa\u4e86\u540d\uff0c\u6817\u5982\u753b\u5bb6Ellsworth Kelly\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u65f6\u5c1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08Bill Blass\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u548cMasey\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u7b2c603D\u5de5\u7a0b\u4f2a\u88c5\u8fde\u201d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u3002Masey\u5728\u6218\u540e\u7684\u4ed5\u9014\u4e5f\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519\uff1a\u4ed6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u4e16\u535a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c55\u89c8\u9986\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vulnerable to war
\n\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The United States started training their first artist warriors in a conventional way, then the recruits were sent to England. The British had experience with the use of false weapons of war and finalised their training. For weeks, the soldiers not only crawled through ditches or practiced assaults \u2013 but also created harmless dummies until they looked real by a distance of 100 meters.
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6218\u58eb\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5175\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u865a\u5047\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u7ec8\u7ed3\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5728\u51e0\u5468\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u58eb\u5175\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u722c\u8fc7\u58d5\u6c9f\u6216\u8005\u6a21\u62df\u7a81\u51fb\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u5047\u4eba\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u4eba\u5728100\u7c73\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0a\u770b\u7684\u8ddf\u771f\u7684\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A few weeks after D-Day, most of \u201cghost army\u201d companies were shipped to France. \u201cIt was all pretty calm,\u201d Masey reports on his arrival at the legendary Omaha Beach, where the Allies landed on June 6, 1944. \u201cBut I still was afraid. We were in the midst of war \u2013 using nothing more than inflatable weapons. And our task was to draw enemy fire on us.\u201d
\n\u5728\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u767b\u9646\u540e\u51e0\u5468\uff0c\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u88ab\u8fd0\u5230\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u3002\u201c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u633a\u5e73\u9759\u7684\uff0c\u201dMasey\u5728\u4ed6\u5230\u8fbe\u4f20\u5947\u7684\u5965\u9a6c\u54c8\u6d77\u5cb8\u540e\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u3002\u57281944\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5728\u8be5\u5904\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u767b\u9646\u3002\u201c\u4f46\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u5bb3\u6015\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u2014\u9664\u4e86\u5145\u6c14\u6b66\u5668\u4ee5\u5916\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u6709\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5438\u5f15\u654c\u519b\u706b\u529b\u3002\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For in their total of 21 operations,the \u201cghost army\u201d followed the same procedure. They took the role of various divisions of the 12th U.S. Army, which really existed. In this way, scope for surprise attacks presented themselves. The false army units should keep German forces buy and distract from the true focus the maneuvers.
\n\u5728\u603b\u8ba121\u6b21\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u8def\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u7b2c12\u519b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5e08\u961f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u627e\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5bfc\u81ea\u6f14\u7684\u7a81\u51fb\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u865a\u5047\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u8ba9\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5fd9\u6d3b\u4e00\u9635\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5206\u6563\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63a9\u76d6\u5728\u5145\u6c14\u5766\u514b\u4e0b\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

This was a dangerous undertaking: If they would have been uncovered, the pseudo-army would be defeated instantly. Although they had several trucks and sometimes even a real tank \u2013 which left track marks as visible as possible. But the soldiers were neither battle-tested nor equipped for war. \u201cFor our defense we only had our standard rifle,\u201d says Jack Masey. \u201cThat was all.\u201d
\n\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u662f\u6709\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u5047\u519b\u961f\u4f1a\u77ac\u95f4\u88ab\u51fb\u8d25\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u51e0\u8f86\u5361\u8f66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u8f86\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5766\u514b\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5c65\u5e26\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u8d8a\u903c\u771f\u8d8a\u597d\u2014\u2014\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u58eb\u5175\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u6218\u6597\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u88c5\u5907\u3002\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9632\u5b88\u529b\u91cf\u53ea\u6709\u6807\u914d\u7684\u6b65\u67aa\u201d\uff0cJack Masey\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u518d\u5c31\u6ca1\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Too good a deception
\n\u8fc7\u4e8e\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9a97\u672f\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

The dummy army trusted their own smart weapons, which got applied at nightfall. Huge speakers roared noise, simulating a flurry of activity: Moving tanks, braking trucks, loud and many voices. Light and sound effects simulated artillery fire. Half-tracks left behind many tank tracks in the dust. Massive radio communications, often unencrypted, was used to simulate powerful divisions.
\n\u6a61\u80f6\u519b\u961f\u76f8\u4fe1\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u6167\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u591c\u5e55\u65f6\u5206\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5927\u5587\u53ed\u5f00\u59cb\u64ad\u653e\u566a\u97f3\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u67d0\u79cd\u9a9a\u52a8\u6216\u8005\u884c\u52a8\uff1a\u79fb\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u5239\u8f66\u7684\u5361\u8f66\uff0c\u53c8\u54cd\u53c8\u590d\u6742\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u58f0\u6548\u548c\u5149\u6548\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u706b\u70ae\u7684\u70ae\u51fb\u3002\u534a\u5c65\u5e26\u8f66\u5728\u7070\u5c18\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5766\u514b\u7684\u5c65\u5e26\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u672a\u7ecf\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e08\u961f\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Its difficult to assess how well those operations worked out. At least sometimes the Germans fired repeatedly in the direction of speakers and dummies or reinforced their troops for defense. The deception worked so well that even U.S. units who did not know of a nearby \u201cghost army\u201d, got confused. A U.S. Major asked soldiers where all his vital tanks were that he heard at night \u2013 and couldnt find at day.
\n\u5f88\u96be\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6536\u6548\u5982\u4f55\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5587\u53ed\u548c\u5047\u4eba\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5f00\u706b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b88\u5907\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9a97\u672f\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u9ad8\u660e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u90fd\u6446\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u3002\u4e00\u540d\u7f8e\u519b\u5c11\u6821\u8be2\u95ee\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0b\u5c5e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u665a\u4e0a\u542c\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5766\u514b\u90fd\u5230\u54ea\u53bb\u4e86\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u767d\u5929\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jack Masey, however, did not unconditionally trust his own camouflage work. On one of his first missions near the coastal city of Brest, his company got fired at. But not nearly as strong as he would have expected. \u201cIt looked as if the Germans would have seen through everything, but did not take us seriously.\u201d
\nJack Masey\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u7684\u4f2a\u88c5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5728\u5e03\u96f7\u65af\u7279\u9644\u8fd1\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u706b\u529b\u6253\u51fb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e48\u731b\u70c8\u3002\u201c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u597d\u50cf\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u7a7f\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

There was another reason why \u201cOperation Brest\u201d was not a success. The deception was indeed \u201coutstanding,\u201d as praised by an internal report later on. But \u201cunfortunately\u201d a unit of the \u201cghost army\u201d made the Germans believe an attack was imminent at a place where shortly after the real divisions were attacking. The Americans lost nearly ten thousand men during the storming of the fortress.
\n\u201c\u5e03\u96f7\u65af\u7279\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5982\u540c\u5185\u90e8\u62a5\u544a\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4f2a\u88c5\u672c\u8eab\u786e\u5b9e\u5f88\u201c\u51fa\u8272\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u201c\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u8ba9\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u653b\u51fb\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5c31\u6765\u5f00\u6253\u4e86\u3002\u7f8e\u519b\u5728\u5bf9\u8981\u585e\u7684\u7a81\u51fb\u4e2d\u635f\u5931\u4e86\u5927\u7ea6\u4e00\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Trick at the Rhine
\n\u83b1\u8335\u6cb3\u7684\u620f\u6cd5\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

For Jack Masey, it was a bizarre, bloodless war. Overall, only two soldiers of the \u201cghost army\u201d were killed by German attacks, confirms journalist Kneece. No unit lived safer, after all, a direct front line manouever was impossible. Therefore the GIs played a kind of professional theater most of the time. They tried to outwit potential Nazi collaborators and spies. They drove to the cities, talked to locals, went to bars, scattered rumors \u2013 always wearing the army badges for the division they tried to fake, changing the markings on their army jeeps accordingly.
\n\u5bf9\u4e8eJack Masey\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u6ca1\u6709\u785d\u70df\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u7eb5\u89c2\u5168\u5c40\uff0c\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4eba\u88ab\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6240\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c\u8bb0\u8005kneece\u80af\u5b9a\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u5b89\u7a33\u7684\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u79fb\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5175\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e0a\u6f14\u4e00\u51fa\u5e74\u5ea6\u5927\u620f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u7792\u9a97\u90a3\u4e9b\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u95f4\u8c0d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u8f66\u8fdb\u57ce\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u804a\u5929\uff0c\u53bb\u9152\u5427\u6563\u5e03\u8c23\u8a00\u2014\u603b\u662f\u6234\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f2a\u88c5\u7684\u5e08\u961f\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5fbd\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6b64\u5bf9\u5409\u666e\u8f66\u4e0a\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6362\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

They joked about living a constant identity crisis, pointing at the fake badges. For fun some of the artists designed their your own logo, which of course was never allowed to be used, featuring a ghost with lightning emerging from its hands. Below the mottot: \u201cLets pretend those that do not exist\u201d
\n\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8eab\u4efd\u5371\u673a\u4e2d\u5f00\u73a9\u7b11\uff0c\u8fd8\u6307\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5047\u81c2\u7ae0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5a31\u4e50\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4f1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Logo\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u3002Logo\u4e0a\u753b\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u5e7d\u7075\uff0c\u624b\u4e2d\u8ff8\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ea\u7535\u3002Logo\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u683c\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u4eba\u5427\u3002\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The biggest success was their final operation. Near Viersen, they used almost the entire arsenal of inflatable dummies at once in March of 1945. An army of 600 rubber tanks and artillery faked an assault across the river Rhine. Even roadworks sounds of pontoon bridges were imitated. In fact, the Rhine-attack happened on March 23 further north near Wesel. Perhaps the Allies encountered only little resistance because the \u201cghost army\u201d had previously bound German units in the south.
\n\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4efb\u52a1\u30021945\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u83f2\u5c14\u68ee\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u51e0\u4e4e\u7528\u6389\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5145\u6c14\u5766\u514b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531600\u8f86\u6a61\u80f6\u5766\u514b\u548c\u706b\u70ae\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u519b\u961f\u5f00\u59cb\u5047\u88c5\u5411\u83b1\u8335\u6cb3\u8fdb\u884c\u7a81\u51fb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6a21\u4eff\u4e86\u6d6e\u6865\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u83b1\u8335\u6cb3\u7a81\u51fb\u53d1\u751f\u57283\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u66f4\u5317\u8fb9\u7684\u7ef4\u585e\u5c14\u9644\u8fd1\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u76df\u519b\u53ea\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u62b5\u6297\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u519b\u961f\u201d\u628a\u5fb7\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u90fd\u56f0\u5728\u4e86\u5357\u8fb9\u5427\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/div>\n
\n

Only after this last operation Jack Masey experienced the true horrors of war. In Germany he met emaciated civilians, forced laborers and refugees. An image burned into his memory, which he perceived as a symbol of the lack of culture of war: In the devastated Aachen, he saw hundreds of tattered books near a bombed library rotting in the mud.
\n\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u540e\uff0cJack Masey\u624d\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6050\u6016\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u4ed6\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u6194\u60b4\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u5974\u96b6\u4ee5\u53ca\u96be\u6c11\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u5e55\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u523b\u5728\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u8111\u6d77\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6218\u4e89\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u73b0\uff1a\u5728\u88ab\u6467\u6bc1\u7684\u4e9a\u741b\u57ce\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u767e\u672c\u7834\u7834\u70c2\u70c2\u7684\u4e66\u8eba\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u8f70\u70b8\u8fc7\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6ce5\u5858\u91cc\u3002
\n\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e9a\u741b\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u6700\u897f\u90e8\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u4e0e\u8377\u5170\u8fb9\u5883\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Relics of a war that for most of the time had been a unreal role-playing game for him.
\n\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u865a\u5e7b\u7684RPG\u7f62\u4e86\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For further reading: Jack Kneece: Ghost Army of World war II \u201c, Pelican Publishing Company, 2001.
\n\u66f4\u591a\u9605\u8bfb\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aJack Kneece\uff1a\u00a0Ghost Army of World war II ,Pelican Publishing Company, 2001.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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